• Raphael Sanzio, The School of Athens (1509-1511)
• Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper (c. 1490s)
• Michaelangelo, The Creation of Adam (c. 1512)
• Sandro Botticelli - Primavera (c. 1480)

Emphasized extravagance and emotion

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• Diego Velazquez, Las Meninas (1656)
• Caravaggio, The Calling of St Matthew (c. 1602-1604)
• Bernini, Ecstasy of St. Teresa (1651)
• The Palace of Versailles, France (c. 1660-1715)
• Palace of St. Luca e Martina, Rome
• Grand Salon of Barberini Palace, Rome
• Karlskirche, Vienna

French Rocaille - method of decorating furniture and interiors with pebbles and seashells. This decorative style has fluid asymmetrical forms, elaborate ornamentation, lighter pastel colors and whimsical narratives.

Playful and utopian

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• Jean-Honorè Fragonard, The Swing (c. 1767)
• Antoine Watteau, The Piligrimage on the Isle of Cythera (1717)
• Francois Boucher, The Toilet of Venus (1751)
• Francois Boucher, Portrait of Madame Pompadour (1756)
• Francois Boucher, The Triumph of Venus (1740)

Renewed interest in simplicity, principles and subject matter of the art from Ancient Rome and Greece. Discovery of Pompeii and Herculaneum buried roman archaeological cities. This art movement is distinguished by its classic-looking subjects, minimal use of color, attention to lines and symmetry, and clear definition of forms and figures.

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• Jacques-Louis David, The Intervention of the Sabine Women (1795-1799)
• Antonio Canova, Psyche Revived by Cupid's Kiss (1787)
• Jacques-Louis David, The Death of Marat (1793)
• Jacques-Louis David, Oath of the Horatii (1793)
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• Jacques-Louis David, Napolean Crossing the Alps (1801)
• Caspar David Friedrich, Wanderer above the Sea of Fog (c. 1818)
• Henry Fuselli, The Nightmare (1781)
• Francisco Goya, Saturn Devouring His Son (1819-1823)
• JMW Turner, The Fighting Temeraire (1839)

The French Revolution of 1848 established the right to work in the country and brought on the anti-institutional art movement of Realism. The artists rejected what came before them (Exotic scenes of religious figures, clergy, nobility, and mythology) and focused on depicting real people in everyday life. Realism was the first art movement that gave a voice to the members of society that were overlooked up to this point because of their social or financial circumstances.

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• Rosa Bonheur, Ploughing in Nevers (1849)
• Honoré Daumier, The Third Class Wagon (c. 1862-1864)
• Gustave Courbet, The Stone Breakers (1849)
• Jean-Francois Millet, The Gleaners (1857)

Started when a group of French painters broke academic traditions by painting in open air (En Plein Air, The act of painting outdoors)

Artists who began the Exposition, an alternative to the French Salon which excluded them are: Claude Monet, Berthe Morisot, Auguste Renoir and Edgar Dega

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• Claude Money, The Woods at Giverny (1887)
• Jules Bastien-Lepage, October (1878)
• Gustave Caillebotte, Paris Street, Rainy Day (1877)
• Claude Monet, Woman with a Parasol (1875)
• Auguste Renoir, Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette (1876)